This report first provides background on the current threat of overly aggressive voter challenge tactics and the history of such efforts in previous elections. The report then details what is permissible and legal when it comes to challenging a voter’s eligibility, both before and on Election Day and inside and outside the polling place. We analyze laws in 10 states governing:

• The process for challenging a registered voter’s right to vote before Election Day and the use of voter caging lists;
• The process for challenging a registered voter’s right to vote on Election Day;
• The behavior of poll watchers or observers at the polls on Election Day;
• and Protections for voters against intimidation, outside and inside the polls.

The report measures the extent to which each state’s laws protect voters’ rights in these areas, and assesses them in a set of comparative charts as satisfactory, mixed, or unsatisfactory. Each section includes recommendations for best practices in each of the areas we examine.

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